Owing to the low temperature operation faster response to load transients and short start up time less than a minute the pemfc is suitable for propulsion applications.
Pafc fuel cell reaction.
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell pem.
They are quite resistant to poisoning by carbon monoxide but tend to have lower efficiency than other fuel cell types in producing electricity.
Developed in the mid 1960s and field tested since the 1970s they have improved significantly in stability performance and cost.
The efficiency of the pemfc is about 40 50 and its operating temperature is about 80 c 100 c.
Liquid phosphoric acid pa dispersed in a silicon carbide matrix acts as the electrolyte.
Excess airflow on the cathode side helps to remove the water resulting from the reaction.
The resultant reaction is 2h o2 2e h 2 o.
They were the first fuel cells to be commercialized.
Phosphoric acid fuel cells pafc are a type of fuel cell that uses liquid phosphoric acid as an electrolyte.
This paper presents the dynamics of a phosphoric acid fuel cell pafc and its associated power electronics.
Pafcs use liquid phosphoric acid as an electrolyte and run on hydrocarbon fuel.
The mcfc works at a relatively high temperature higher than 600 c.
Hydrogen is able to permeate the phosphoric acid while electrons are not.
The gas diffusion electrodes are composed of a porous substrate carbon or cloth facing the gas feed and a reactive catalyst layer consisting of platinized fine carbon powder facing the electrolyte.
The modeling of the power conditioning system for phosphoric acid fuel cell is discussed.
The pafc differs from other fuel cell technologies mainly on the basis of the electrolyte used and the method of hydrogen generation for the cell reaction.
The overall fuel cell reaction is 2h 2 o2 2h 2 o heat.
The operating temperature range is generally 160 220 c.
The reaction process is similar to pemfcs with hydrogen being removed from the fuel via the assistance of a platinum catalyst.
Phosphoric acid fuel cells pafcs consist of an anode and a cathode made of a finely dispersed platinum catalyst on carbon and a silicon carbide structure that holds the phosphoric acid electrolyte.
A substantial number of pafc systems fueled with natural gas are already in operation around the world.
Molten carbonate fuel cells mcfc.
Phosphoric acid fuel cell pafc a type of fuel cell in which the electrolyte consists of concentrated phosphoric acid h 3 po 4.
Protons h are transported from the anode to the cathode.
